Collection Development
Revised by MPL Board of Trustees May 13, 2025: revised March 12, 2024; revised October 2017; Approved August 2001
Madison Public Library develops and maintains a materials collection that reflects the changing needs and interests of our community. The purpose of this policy is to guide selection practices to ensure that a wide variety of materials is available in formats and quantities that meet the needs of our patrons. It is intended for use by the library staff, library board, and community members. It provides information about the scope of the collection, the Library’s goals for providing information, and specific practices for selecting and maintaining books and other library materials. The Library will use data, community feedback, and staff expertise in order to create the best collection of materials possible for patrons. Selection of materials does not imply endorsement of its contents.
Collection Development Objectives
- The Library supports the individual’s First Amendment right to access to ideas and information representing all points of view.
- The Library places major emphasis on informational, recreational and educational functions as well as the role of gateway to new readers.
- The Library recognizes that it is impossible to collect all that is published. Physical space and a finite budget will limit what the Library can purchase. The Library will curate the selection of the best, high interest and useful materials in a variety of formats.
- Impartiality and judicious selection will be exercised in all materials acquisition practices. Allocation of materials budget and the number of items purchased for each area of the collection will be determined by indicators of use, the average cost per item, and the objectives for the development of the collection. Selection is based on community needs, both expressed and inferred, and on evidence of areas of interest. In general, scholarly, highly specialized, or archival materials are beyond the scope of the Library’s collections.
- With membership in the CLEVNET consortium and the ability to borrow materials from many different libraries around Northeast Ohio, the Library will have a collection that consists primarily of high interest circulating materials with the addition of various other authors, titles and subject areas. Through the consortium, Madison patrons can get a wide range of authors, titles, and subject areas.
- Materials will be purchased in formats that best suit patron needs. New technologies or types of materials will be considered for the collection when, by industry report, national survey results and evidence from local requests, a significant portion of the local population has the necessary technology or interest to make use of the format. Availability of items in the format, the cost per item, and the Library’s ability to acquire and handle the items will also be factors in determining when a new format will be collected. Similar considerations will influence the decision to delete a format or type of material from the Library’s collection.
Responsibility for Selection
The Library Director has final responsibility for the selection of all materials incorporated into the Library’s collection, regardless of the mode of acquisition. Materials are selected within the framework of policies determined by the Library Board of Trustees with the goal of responding to the interests and needs of every segment of the community and without discriminating against any political, religious, economic, or social view or group through deliberate exclusion of their views.
Guidelines
The Trustees of the Madison Public Library support the Library Bill of Rights and the Freedom to Read Statements of the American Library Association as well as ALA’s statement on Expurgation of Library Resources. Choice of materials results from a variety of professional activities on the part of the Library Director and other staff. Reviews of new materials from both professional journals and popular media form important tools in the selection process. Staff members who are qualified by reason of education, training or experience may be assigned to share the responsibility for materials selection. Recommendations from the staff and the public are also welcome and evaluated within the framework of the acquisition process.
Criteria for Selection
- Customer use and circulation data are the most powerful influence on what is selected and retained in the collection. This data, combined with such factors as author reputation, accuracy of content, currency and lasting value, guide selection and weeding decisions. In addition, the Library always seeks to provide materials reflecting a variety of perspectives, beliefs and needs. Not all the criteria listed must be met to select an item for the collection and no one criterion will be the deciding factor.
- Selection is a discerning and interpretive process involving a general knowledge of the subject and its important literature, a familiarity with the materials in the collection, and recognition of the needs of the community. Materials are evaluated based on the significance of the entire work rather than individual parts.
- The number of copies purchased of a title varies with the interest in that title. Individual titles are monitored and additional copies may be purchased to meet demand.
- To build a well-balanced collection of merit and significance, materials in all forms must be measured by objective guidelines. Since the Library does not promote particular beliefs or views, the collection will contain various positions on important questions, including unpopular or unorthodox positions. The Library actively strives to ensure that materials representing many differing views and a broad diversity of human thought and creativity are represented in the collection. A balanced collection reflects a diversity of materials, not necessarily an equality of numbers.
- Selection will not be made on the basis of anticipated approval or disapproval, but solely on the basis of the principles stated in this policy. Responsibility for choosing what an individual will read, view or listen to rests with the individual. Responsibility for the use of library materials by children and young adults rest with their parents or legal guardians.
All acquisitions, whether purchased or donated, are considered in terms of the following standards and at the Library’s discretion. An item need not meet all the criteria in order to be acceptable.
- Existing collection needs
- Relevance to community needs
- Customer demand
- Significant or reputable author or publisher
- Attention of critics or reviewers
- Contemporary significance, permanent value or important human or social insight
- Representation of current ideas, events or mores
- Price and availability
- Format and ease of use
- Scarcity of information in a subject area
- Availability of material in other area libraries or through online networks
- Local and/or independent authors: Such material must meet the general selection criteria listed above. Exceptions are made for material that has local historical or local cultural significance or is material created by local residents (authors, performers, artists) who are providing programming for the library.
Additional Criteria for Non-Fiction Works:
- Accurate, clear and logical presentation
- Comprehensive and complete treatment
- Quality of indexing or access
- Author’s qualifications
- Lasting value or current need
- Original point of view
Selection will not be influenced by:
- The possibility that materials may come into the possession of children or young adults
- The liability of materials to theft or mutilation
Specific Selection Policies
Print Materials
- Fiction: The fiction collection will be developed to support the recreational reading interests of Library patrons and to provide a quality collection of contemporary and classic materials, emphasizing current popular authors and titles.
- Nonfiction: The nonfiction collection will be developed to support the educational and informational needs of Library patrons.
- Large Print: This collection will be developed to keep up with the demand for materials in this format using the specific criteria for fiction and nonfiction above.
- Paperbacks: This is primarily a collection of current, popular works with an emphasis on best sellers, romance, mystery, westerns, inspirational, fantasy, and science fiction by popular authors. A secondary goal for this collection is to supplement the hardcover fiction collection.
- Periodicals: A variety of general-interest, popular magazines will be purchased which will serve primarily as a browsing collection. The Library may subscribe to the major local and some regional or national newspapers.
- Local History: The Library may continue to develop a collection of materials relating to the history of Madison Public Library, the Madison community, and the broader region. As much as possible this collection will also be provided digitally through Cleveland Memory Project http://www.clevelandmemory.org/madison/
- Historical and accurate local information: that is not readily available in other sources and that is available to the Library will be converted to the digital collection as time and funding allows, this collection will be available through Cleveland Memory Project http://www.clevelandmemory.org/madison/
- Children’s Materials: This collection serves children through grade three. Children’s books are chosen with an eye to promoting literacy. Emphasis is given to popular print materials and those that support the local public school curriculum. Special collections of magazines, paperbacks, and graphic novels may be provided for this age group.
- Tween Materials: The collection serves youth from fourth through eighth grade. These items are selected with an understanding of the needs, interests, and reading levels of young people in upper elementary and middle school. Special collections of magazines, paperbacks, and graphic novels may be provided for this age group.
- Teen Materials: The collection serves youth ninth grade and older. These items are chosen with an understanding of the needs, interests, and reading levels of young people in high school and post-secondary education. Special collections of magazines, paperbacks, and graphic novels may be provided for this age group.
- Manga: A variety of general-interest, popular manga will be purchased for all age groups. The Library will focus on materials suggested by patrons for the collection.
- Gaming Books: This collection will be developed in four areas: game or strategy guide books for video games; instruction books for playing various RPGs (Role Playing Games); novels that extend or expand the narrative of video games; books that describe the creation of videogames or RPGs.
Audiovisual Materials
- Nonfiction media: Nonfiction DVDs, CDs, and other audiovisual media for all ages will be purchased when appropriate to meet the collection goals stated above.
- Entertainment DVDs and Blu-Rays: This collection is intended to provide high demand entertainment materials for home use for all ages and to meet patron requests for materials which will be of general interest to the community.
- Audiobooks: This collection is composed of popular fiction and nonfiction books in CD format for all ages.
- Music CDs.: This collection is intended to provide quality renditions and popular releases in a variety of musical traditions for all ages.
Non-Print/Non-Audiovisual Resources
- Digital and online resources: When appropriate and cost-effective, access to proprietary Internet services will be acquired to meet the information needs of Library patrons outside of what is provided through membership in the CLEVNET consortium and the Ohio Web Library. Whenever possible, community-wide licenses, as opposed to in-building only licenses will be purchased to allow Library cardholders to access these resources from outside the Library.
- Library of Things: These collections are composed of materials that support the broadest ranges of interests, topics, and activities of Library patrons”.
- Devices and Equipment: These items are primarily for check-out, but select items may only be available for in house use. These items represent the current needs or interests of the community.
New Technologies, Equipment and Media
Library staff will maintain a knowledgeable awareness of all new and emerging technologies and media being used for the delivery of information. They will also maintain an awareness of equipment and materials that the community is interested in sharing through the library. New items will be incorporated in the Library’s collection and services whenever:
- such incorporation would meet the goals stated in this Policy
- a significant number of Library users would utilize the service
- the cost of implementing the new service is in line with the value of the new resource
- funding is available to support an additional service on an on-going basis
Guidelines for Donated Materials
The library is pleased to accept gifts and/or memorial gifts from patrons. Items will be accepted on the basis of their suitability to the library’s purposes and needs in accordance with the library’s stated materials selection policy. Use or disposal of all gift materials will be determined by the library director or designated staff member. All donated items become the property of Madison Public Library. The library has the right to discard any materials in poor physical condition (e.g., brittle paper, water or mildew damage, torn and/or missing pages).
- Receipts are given if the donor asks for one. Donors are responsible for recording donations and estimating the value of the materials.
- Monetary gifts are cash donations. The donor should be asked if funds are intended for books, other materials, equipment, or for other purposes.
- Memorials and honorariums are materials or funds donated in the name of an individual. Funds collected for a memorial or honorarium should cover the cost of the material being purchased. If a specific title is donated or requested, the inclusion of the specific item must meet the selection criteria. When specific titles are not requested the library staff will make every effort to obtain a memorial or honorarium title which has lasting value.
- Presentations are pre-purchased books, usually new, offered by individuals or organizations. Inclusion of specific titles must meet the selection criteria.
- Once a donation has been received, a thank you card will be sent to the donor and the honoree, or appropriate recipient.
- Books donated by authors will be considered for inclusion into the library collection if the material meets the selection criteria.
Weeding and Discarding Guidelines
Weeding the library collection is as much a routine as the acquisition of new books. The purpose of discarding materials from the collection is to maintain an accurate and up to date collection and to create space for newer, in demand materials. Materials which are inaccurate, outdated, unused, or in poor condition detract from the usefulness and aesthetic appeal of the collection.
- The collection is reviewed on an ongoing basis, particularly the withdrawing of multiple copies of no longer popular materials.
- Generally, the Library follows the CREW Method to determine if an item will be withdrawn. However, each item will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis for value to the collection, its place within the continuity of a series of books, and availability from other CLEVNET locations.
- Generally, if a piece of media, paperback, or equipment has not been borrowed in the last 12 months, the item will be withdrawn. However, each item will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis for value to the collection and availability from other CLEVNET locations.
- After a period of time, a memorial, honorarium, or presentation will be withdrawn due to wear, obsolescence, or loss. In most cases, the material will not be replaced, especially in the case of obsolescence.
- “Withdrawn items may be sold, given to the Friends of the Madison Public Library, or disposed of in an appropriate manner at the discretion of the Library”.
Materials are withdrawn from the collection due to wear, damage, dated information, or low demand. These materials are not automatically replaced with the same title, though they may be replaced with a newer title. The decision for replacement is made with regard to several factors:
- The demand for the particular title or subject.
- The number of duplicate copies in the collection.
- The importance of the author and the significance that particular title holds among the author’s works.
- The availability of better material, already in the collection or in the market.
Requests for Reconsideration
Choice of library materials by library users is an individual matter. While an individual may reject materials for himself/herself, he/she cannot exercise censorship to restrict access to the materials by others. The Library recognizes that some materials may be controversial and that any given item may offend a given patron. Selection or retention of materials will not be made on the basis of anticipated approval or disapproval of any group of patrons, but solely on the basis of the principles stated in this policy. Library materials will not be marked or identified to show approval or disapproval of their contents, and no library material may be sequestered, except to protect it from theft. Responsibility for the reading, viewing or listening of children rests with their parents or guardians.
Recognizing that a diversity of materials may result in some requests for reconsideration, the following procedures have been developed to assure objections or complaints are handled in an attentive and consistent manner. Once an item has been approved for purchase, based on the selection policy of the Board of Trustees and the criteria for selection, it will not be automatically removed upon request.
Procedure for Request for Reconsideration
Any individual expressing an objection to or concern about library materials should receive respectful attention from the staff member first approached. The staff member will use his/her own best judgment in attempting to answer the concerns or clarify the situation. If the individual is not satisfied with this discussion, the staff member should offer the options of speaking with a supervisor or completing a Request for Reconsideration form. After this conversation, the staff member should provide the Director with an incident report describing the complaints, materials involved and resolution. A request for Reconsideration will be considered as follows:
- Patrons who wish to file a Request for Reconsideration must be Madison Public Library card holders or residents of Madison, OH. The patron must have read, watched, or listened to the item in question in its entirety before a challenge will be considered. The patron must read the Collection Development Policy of the Madison Public Library and sign on the reconsideration form that they have read the policy before submitting the form. A patron may only have one active reconsideration at a time. The completed form should be returned to a staff member who will give it to the Library Director. The Director will provide copies to relevant staff and respond in writing to the patron, advising them of the reconsideration.
- The Director and at least one other staff member will review the material and any printed reviews of the material. Staff reviewers will put their comments in writing to the Director before a meeting is held to discuss the title.
- The Director, department head and relevant staff will meet to review the comments, compile a summary, and make a recommendation.
- The Director will make a decision regarding the disposition of the material and communicate the decision and reasons for it in writing to the individual who initiated the request. Once an item has been reviewed by a challenge and a determination has been made, that item will not be considered for review again for a period of 5 years.
If the individual desires further action, he/she may appeal in writing to the Library Board of Trustees, requesting a hearing before the Board. If a hearing is granted, the individual will be notified of the time and location. The Board of Trustees reserves the right to limit the length of the presentation and number of speakers at the hearing. The Board will determine at a separate time whether a Request for Reconsideration has been handled in accordance with the policies of Madison Public Library and whether the material in question meets the Library’s stated guidelines for selection. On the basis of this determination, the Board may vote to uphold or override the decision of the Director.
For further information about Books2Go contact the library at 440-428-2189 or email info@madison-library.info.